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INTRODUCTION@#Lockdowns and quarantine measures during the pandemic have led to increased media consumption among students worldwide. This study aimed to determine the association between the status of the psychological well-being of medical students in a private tertiary institution and social media use during the pandemic.@*METHODS@#This is cross-sectional analytical study which included medical students in a private tertiary institution. SONTUS was used to measure social media usage, while Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well- Being was used to assess the psychological well-being. PRR and Chi-square test were used for data analysis.@*RESULTS@#There were 317 respondents in the study. Based on the results of SONTUS, there are 114 respondents who have high usage. For the Ryff’s scale, there were 76 respondents who have low well- being scores. The computed Pearson Chi-square has an associated probability (p-value) of 0.855 which is more than the set significance level of 0.05. For the PRR, the computed value was 1.04.@*CONCLUSION@#There was no association found between the psychological well-being status of medical students in a private tertiary institution and social media use during the pandemic.
Subject(s)
PandemicsABSTRACT
Psychiatric disorders are common health problems in patients of all age groups, under-diagnosis and under-treatment of these disorders can result in disability and serious complications. With an objective of creating a comprehensive evidence-based consensus on common mental health disorders and their management in the Indian setting, 10 expert groups meetings involving 98 psychiatrists across India were conducted in the month of May 2020. Clinical insights related to burden, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and management were summarized based on the discussions during these meetings. Experts agreed that depressive disorders and anxiety disorders represent two important psychiatric disorders in India. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonlyused for the treatment of depression. Benzodiazepines are effective for the treatment of comorbid anxiety in patients with depression, but their long-term use causes adverse events such as dependence and withdrawal reaction. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar disorder, substance use especially alcohol withdrawal syndrome, and sleep disorders are other common psychiatric disorders found among Indian patients. Lithium and valproate represent the commonly used and effective pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder. SSRIs are preferred drugs in the treatment of OCD,whereas benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide and diazepam represent important pharmacological treatment optionsfor alcohol withdrawal. Early identification and timely and effective treatment of psychiatric disorders is important for prevention of complications. Treatment should be individualized based on efficacy, tolerability profile of the medicine, risk of drug interactions, and cost. This consensus may be useful to psychiatrists and general practitioners treating common psychiatric conditions in Indian patients.
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Purpose: To determine the feasibility of telemedicine screening for diabetic retinopathy in a community setting and to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes in the community. Study Design: Cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes in six community health centers in an urban city in the Philippines. Materials and methods: Subjects were examined from November 2018 to December 2018. A three-field non-mydriatic 45’ fundus photographs were taken for each patient and photographs were uploaded in cloud storage and read by a retina specialist in a tertiary hospital for assessment of diabetic retinopathy and grading of the fundus photographs. The results were sent back to local health centers. Results: A total of 387 eyes of 195 persons were examined. Overall, 288 out of 387 eyes (95.36%) had gradable quality fundus photo (grade 3 and higher) and did not need eye dilation. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the respondents was 25.26% - 3.16% had mild diabetic retinopathy, 15.79% had moderate diabetic retinopathy, 3.68% had severe diabetic retinopathy, and 3.68% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Other fundus findings noted include hypertensive retinopathy glaucomatous optic nerve, age-related macular degeneration, posterior vitreous detachment, clinically significant macular edema, and epiretinal membrane. Conclusion: Due to the significant number of patients with diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetics in the community, telemedicine screening was a feasible alternative to dilated fundus examination and may be considered as part of the local health program to prevent blindness due to diabetes.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#To determine the feasibility of telemedicine screening for diabetic retinopathy in a community setting and to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes in the community. @*Study Design@#Cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes in six community health centers in an urban city in the Philippines. @*Materials and methods@#Subjects were examined from November 2018 to December 2018. A three-field non-mydriatic 45’ fundus photographs were taken for each patient and photographs were uploaded in cloud storage and read by a retina specialist in a tertiary hospital for assessment of diabetic retinopathy and grading of the fundus photographs. The results were sent back to local health centers. @*Results@#A total of 387 eyes of 195 persons were examined. Overall, 288 out of 387 eyes (95.36%) had gradable quality fundus photo (grade 3 and higher) and did not need eye dilation. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the respondents was 25.26% - 3.16% had mild diabetic retinopathy, 15.79% had moderate diabetic retinopathy, 3.68% had severe diabetic retinopathy, and 3.68% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Other fundus findings noted include hypertensive retinopathy glaucomatous optic nerve, age-related macular degeneration, posterior vitreous detachment, clinically significant macular edema, and epiretinal membrane.@*Conclusion@#Due to the significant number of patients with diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetics in the community, telemedicine screening was a feasible alternative to dilated fundus examination and may be considered as part of the local health program to prevent blindness due to diabetes.
ABSTRACT
Abstracts: Exploitation of the regenerative capacity of bone has spawned a diverse spectrum of modalities to correct osseous defects. Distraction osteogenesisis a process of new bone formation betweenthe surfaces of bone segments gradually separatedby incremental traction. Surgical methods of distraction osteogenesis represent a reliable biologic approach to correct difficult congenital, post-traumatic, or other acquired skeletal deformities. Distraction osteogenesis can be used to lengthen the ramus and the body of the mandible, as well as for ridge augmentation. It can also protract the maxilla or if necessary the entire mid-facial complex in cases of severe deformity.Distraction osteogenesis provides a viable alternate for the correction of transverse deficiencies through true skeletal mandibular widening providing a new paradigm for patients whose treatment alternative and results were previously limited.